Chapter+10

Alto - Lower womens' voice part. Read as stems down

Bass - Lower men's voice part. Read as stems down

Grand staff - A treble and bass clef joined together by a line

Open Score - Tenor clef is written in treble clef, but an octave higher than its sung and all other voice parts have their own line.

SATB - Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass. Chorale style

Soprano - Highest womens' voice part. Read as stems up

Spacing - When a interval for a harmony is an octave or less to allow the parts to blend

Tablature - Diagrams written for lutes or guitars to show the performer where to place their fingers for chords or pitches

Tenor - Highest men's voice part. Read as stems up

Vocal range - Statistical ranges of a specific voice part. Ex: Sopranos are C4-G5. Altos are G3-D5. Tenors are C3-G4. And Basses are E2-D4

Voice crossing - When litterally voice parts cross. Ex: An alto crossing into the soprano range

1. What determines whether stems should go up or down? The number of voice parts in a piece and what those voice parts are. Ex: Soprano stems go up, alto stems go down.

2. How do you decide whether notes should be beamed together or flagged? Is your answer the same in vocal music as in instrumental music? Beams are to show the continuation of music over measures. For vocal music, the beams and flags are to show the vocalist what syllables are sung to what notes. For instrumental music, beams indicate where to place accents on notes and beats.

3. How are stems used to show voice parts in an SATB setting? Soprano stems are up, Alto stems are down, tenor stems are up and bass stems are down

4. What is the standard range for each of the vocal parts? Sopranos - C4-G5. Altos - G3-D5. Tenors - C3-G4. Bass - E2-D4

5. What is the standard spacing between adjacent voices in SATB settings? How does spacing differ for keyboard settings? For guitar? The interval between sopranos and altos is an octave or less. The same rule applies to altos and tenors. Tenors and Basses can exceed an octave but should remain within a tenth. For keyboards, it should remain within a tenth for the sake of the pianist. For guitars, spacing revolves around thirds.

6. What are the three ways chords can be notated for guitar? Tablature, chord symbols and by a music staff

= =